Moreover, the absence of toxicity and functional and structural impairment of the mucociliary epithelium demonstrates that the nebulized IC is well tolerated.ģD, 3-dimensional AE, after exposure ALI, air–liquid interface Air–liquid interface BE, before exposure Bronchial epithelium CBF, ciliary beating frequency COVID-19 COVID19, Coronavirus disease 2019 DMMB, Dimethylmethylene blue IC, Iota-carrageenan Iota-carrageenan LDH, lactate dehydrogenase MOI, multiplicity of infection NHBE, normal human bronchial epithelial Nasal epithelium Nasal spray PBS, phosphate-buffered saline SARS-CoV-2 SARS-CoV-2, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 SSPL, spike-pseudotyped lentivirus TEER, transepithelial electrical resistance hACE2, human angiotensin I-converting enzyme 2.Ī) Mass (left y-axis) and concentration (right y-axis) of IC deposited in the apical compartment of bronchial epithelial cultures exposed to aerosolized IC. The results obtained from these two advanced models of human respiratory tract epithelia confirm previous findings from in vitro SARS-CoV-2 infection assays and demonstrate that topically applied IC can effectively prevent SARS-CoV-2 infection and replication. We extended the in vitro safety assessment of nebulized IC in a 3-dimensional model of reconstituted human bronchial epithelium, and we demonstrated the efficacy of IC in protecting reconstituted nasal epithelium against viral infection and replication of a patient-derived SARS-CoV-2 strain. The aim of this study was to further investigate the efficacy and safety of IC in SARS-CoV-2 infection in advanced in vitro models of the human respiratory epithelium, the primary target and entry port for SARS-CoV-2. Iota-carrageenan (IC) nasal spray, a medical device approved for treating respiratory viral infections, has previously been shown to inhibit the ability of a variety of respiratory viruses, including severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), to enter and replicate in the cell by interfering with the virus binding to the cell surface.

Iota carrageenan covid